A brief history of the Latin language
Latin, which is part of the Indo-European family of languages, was developed in central Italy around the 6th century BCE. As the Roman Empire expanded, it became one of the most important languages in the ancient Western world.
During the Age of Emperor Augustus, Latin was spoken by millions of people. The Roman Empire at this time stretched from the Caucasus in the East to the Iberian Peninsula in the West. This period is known as the Golden Age of Latin. It has been kept alive for future generations through the works of authors such as Cicero, Virgil and Ovid.
Over the following six centuries, Latin was gradually superseded by local languages. Some of its regional varieties formed the basis for modern languages such as French, Italian and Spanish. Latin continued to be used in written form well into the 19th century for philosophical, religious, and scientific texts.
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Augustus of Prima Porta, a statue of Caesar Augustus (early 1st century AD)
Is Latin a dead language?
Latin has not been used as a spoken language for centuries. However, it is still the official language of the Vatican State. Moreover, a language evolved from Latin is still spoken in several European countries.
Plus, lots of other European languages contain a large number of words deriving from Latin. So, we could argue that Latin continues to live through modern languages.
Why should you learn Latin?
There are several reasons why people should study Latin.
Latin grammar is the foundation of many modern grammars. Understanding Latin grammar can help you grasp how your own language works and the logic behind sentence structure.
Many English words have a Latin root. Therefore, Latin can help you gain a better understanding of their meanings and origins.
Last but not least, reading literature in the original language will give you a deeper insight into the authors, their style and the world they lived in, something that a translation may not always fully convey.
Latin words in the English language
You may be surprised to know that so many Latin words are part of the English language. Latin has been present in our language for centuries and continues to be an important part of communication and expression.
If you take part in a meeting, you will most likely have an agenda (Latin for “things to do”).
In order to do something creative you use your imagination (Latin for “putting images into your mind”).
If you go to the gym (Latin gymnasium, the place to do physical exercise), you might probably want to work on your abs (short for Latin abdomen, the place that hides your intestines and stores your fat).
Latin has even infiltrated our emotions. The English language is full of Latin words and phrases that make it easier for us to express ourselves. If you are feeling hopeless, it is because you have lost your spero (Latin for “hope”). And if you are feeling confused, it is because you have lost your focus (Latin for “fire”).
Whether you are writing a report, discussing a problem, or just trying to understand something, Latin can help you get to the heart of the matter.
Latin is also present in our expressions and idioms. For example, when we say "carpe diem" (Latin for "seize the day"), we are trying to encourage someone to make the most of their time.
Or when we talk about an "exemplar" (Latin for "example"), we are talking about something that serves as an example for others.
So, whatever you do or wherever you are, you are never far from a Latin word!
| Latin Word | English Meaning |
|---|---|
| agenda | things to do |
| imagination | putting images into your mind |
| gymnasium | the place to do physical exercise |
| abdomen | the place that hides your intestines and stores your fat |
| spero | hope |
| focus | fire |
| carpe diem | seize the day |
| exemplar | example |
Tips for learning Latin
Gradually build up a good vocabulary over time
One of the best ways to learn Latin is to set yourself a target number of words to learn every week. Modern online websites and apps help you revise vocabulary through flashcards or exercises.
Practice your Latin grammar
Practice tenses, cases, and more by completing written exercises found in any grammar book. Additionally, there are free online activities to help with practice.
Practice reading and writing in Latin
Once you reach a good level, you can start reading some basic works of literature. You could even begin to practice your Latin writing skills by writing a diary in Latin and writing short stories, poems, or other texts in Latin.
If you're interested in writing, you can practice your Latin writing skills by writing short stories, poems, or other texts in Latin. With enough practice and dedication, you will be able to read, write, and speak Latin fluently.
Listen and engage with Latin
It is also helpful to participate in online forums and communities to discuss Latin with other learners. Reading and listening to Latin media such as radio, podcasts, or blogs can also help you to increase your comprehension.
Speaking Latin with classmates or teachers
To really get a good grasp on the language, it’s important to talk to people who are familiar with Latin. Make friends with people who can help you, or join a Latin club or class. Also, don’t be afraid to practice speaking in Latin with other learners. It can be a great way to get comfortable with the language.
Learn Latin at City Lit
No matter how much experience you have, at City Lit you can start learning Latin as a complete beginner and your tutor will guide you through the language through the various modules and levels.
If you are proficient in Latin, you can join our advanced classes. Students in these classes select a text to read and analyse. This builds their knowledge and understanding of Latin literature and the language's historical context.
You can also learn about Latin culture and civilization through a variety of classes and activities such as reading Latin inscriptions, learning about Roman art and architecture, and exploring the Latin language in its various forms. With City Lit, you can learn about Latin in a way that is both fun and educational.
Courses at City Lit
Our experienced tutors will guide you through the language and its literature, helping you to develop a deep and lasting appreciation of Latin and its culture.
So come along and join us for an exciting journey of discovery into the world of Latin!
